PGDHHM SEM 1 ASSIGNMENT 1

 

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Post Graduate Diploma in Hospital & Healthcare Management (PGDHHM)

 

 

1st SET OF ASSIGNMENTS

 

Name of the student:

PRN no.:

 

Answer the following questions

 

Course 1: Principles & Practices of Management

a. Discuss Herzeberg's theory.                                                                      2 Marks

Answer : Herzberg’s Motivation Theory model, or Two Factor Theory, argues that there are two factors that an organization can adjust to influence motivation in the workplace.

        These factors are:

·         Motivators: Which can encourage employees to work harder. The motivational factors yield positive

 

 

 

b. What is Management by Objectives                                                       3 Marks

Answer : Management by objectives (MBO) is a strategic business model designed to improve the performance of an organization. It is a strategy with clearly defined objectives which is agreed by both the management and the employees.

 

MBO helps managers to

 

 

 

c. What are models of Organizational Behavior?               3 Marks

Answer : Models are the techniques which help us to understand complex things and ideas in a clear manner.

The Autocratic Model

The basis of this model is power with a managerial orientation of authority. The employees in turn are oriented towards obedience and dependence on the boss. The employee need that is met is subsistence. The performance result is minimal.

In case of an autocratic

 

 

d. Explain Maslow's Need Hierarchy.                                                          2 Marks

 

Answer : Maslow's hierarchy of needs is an idea in psychology proposed by Abraham Maslow in his 1943 paper "A theory of Human Motivation" in the journal Psychological Review

 

Maslow's hierarchy of needs is used to study how humans intrinsically partake in behavioral motivation. Maslow used the terms "

 

 

Course 2: Public Health & Healthcare Systems

a. Write in detail about Healthcare System in India.                                 3 Marks

Answer : India has a vast health care system, but there remain many differences in quality between rural and urban areas as well as between public and private health care. Despite this, India is a popular destination for medical tourists, given the relatively low costs and high quality of its private hospitals. International students in India should expect to rely on private hospitals for advanced medical care.

Studying in India offers a number of

 

 

 

b. Explain methods of purification of water on a large scale.                  2 Marks

Answer : Water is purified on large scale for supply to a city or a town. It is also purified on small scale for domestic use.

In the purification of water on large scale following methods are used:

1. Slow Sand Filtration:

This system was first introduced in England about more than a century ago and still commonly used. Hence it is also known as English system. In slow sand filtration following stages are involved:

 

 

 

 

c. Write brief about "schedule I" of Biomedical Waste                             3 Marks

Answer : All human activities produce waste. We all know that such waste may be dangerous and needs safe disposal. Industrial waste, sewage and agricultural waste pollute water, soil and air. It can also be dangerous to human beings and environment. Similarly, hospitals and other health care facilities generate lots of waste which can transmit infections, particularly HIV, Hepatitis B & C and Tetanus, to the people who handle it or come in contact with it.

 

                                   

d. Write in details about Janani Suraksha Yojana.                                                 2 Marks

 

Answer : Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) is a safe motherhood intervention under the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) being implemented with the objective of reducing maternal and neo-natal mortality by promoting institutional delivery among the poor pregnant women. The Yojana, launched on 12th April 2005, by the Hon’ble Prime Minister, is being implemented in all states and UTs with special focus on low performing states. JSY is a 100 % centrally sponsored scheme and it integrates cash assistance with delivery and post-delivery care.

 

 

Course 3: Financial Management

a. Define working capital. Explain determinants of working capital.      3 Marks

Answer : Working capital, also known as net working capital (NWC), is the difference between a company’s current assets, such as cash, accounts receivable (customers’ unpaid bills) and inventories of raw materials and finished goods, and its current liabilities, such as accounts payable. Net operating working capital is a measure of a company's liquidity and refers to the difference between operating current assets and operating current liabilities. In many cases these calculations are the same and are derived from company cash plus accounts receivable plus inventories,

 

 

b. Write a short note on Depreciation.                                                       2 Marks

Answer : Depreciation is an accounting method of allocating the cost of a tangible or physical asset over its useful life or life expectancy. Depreciation represents how much of an asset's value has been used up. Depreciating assets helps companies earn revenue from an asset while expensing a portion of its cost each year the asset is in use. If not taken into account, it can greatly affect profits.

Key points

 

 

 

c. Explain in detail time value of money.                                                    3 Marks

Answer : There is no reason for any rational person to delay taking an amount owed to him or her. More than financial principles, this is basic instinct. The money you have in hand at the moment is worth more than the same amount you ‘may’ get in future. One reason for this is inflation and another is possible earning capacity. The fundamental code of finance maintains that, given money can generate interest, the value of a certain sum is more if you receive it sooner. This is why

 

 

d. Short note on Types of Budget.                                                              2 Marks

 

A budget is a quantitative plan for acquiring and using resources over a specified period. Individuals often create household budgets that balance their income and expenditures for food, clothing, housing, and so on while providing for some savings.

 

Long-term Budget

This budget is related to the planning operations of an organization for a period of 5 to 10 years. The long-term budget may be adversely affected due to unpredictable factors. Therefore, from a control point of view, the long-term budget should be supplemented by short-term budgets.

 

 

 

Course 4 : Materials & Quality Management

a. ABC analysis.                                                                                              2 Marks

Answer : The ABC analysis provides a mechanism for identifying items that will have a significant impact on overall inventory cost,[1] while also providing a mechanism for identifying different categories of stock that will require different management and controls.

The ABC analysis suggests that

 

 

b. What is accreditation? What are the advantages of accreditation?   3 Marks

Answer : The benefits of accreditation are numerous:

·         Financial benefits are twofold: Increased volume leads to increased revenue; and Medicare payments to accredited hospitals are maintained due to appropriate patient status placement

·         Accreditation is associated with better performance of CMS core measures for the ACS and HF patient

·         Improves quality outcomes

·         Establishes facilities'

 

 

c. Economic Order Quantity (EOQ)                                                              3 Marks

Answer : Economic order quantity (EOQ) is the ideal order quantity a company should purchase to minimize inventory costs such as holding costs, shortage costs, and order costs. This production-scheduling model was developed in 1913 by Ford W. Harris and has been refined over time.1 The formula assumes that demand, ordering, and holding costs all remain constant.

 

 

 

d. Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI).                           2 Marks

Answer : A catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is one of the most common infections a person can contract in the hospital, according to the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses.

 

Indwelling catheters are the cause of this infection. An indwelling catheter is a tube inserted into your urethra. It drains urine from your bladder into a collection bag. You may need a catheter if you have had surgery or cannot control your bladder function, and there is a need to closely monitor how much

 

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