Subject : Principles and Practice of Management

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Name : Mary Jennifer.A                                                                                                                  Marks : 80

Course : Bachelors in Management Studies (BMS)

Subject : Principles and Practice of Management

Answer the following question.

Question. 1. What are the aspects of the system approach focused attention ? (10 marks)

Answer: A system by way of description is a wholistic way of viewing things. It generates from the idea that a “whole” is made up of separate parts but each part works cooperatively to make for efficient performance.

In other words, the philosophical saying – “A whole is greater than the sum total of its parts” actually describes what a “system” is. According to Kaufman (1968), a system is defined as “the sum total of separate parts working independently and in

Question. 2. State principles of committee organization. (10 marks)

Answer: The Basic Principles Committee (BPC) was a specialised committee set up on March 1949 by Khawaja Nazimuddin on the advice of prime minister Liaquat Ali Khan. The committee’s sole purpose was to determine the basic underlying principles that would determine future constitutions and legislature in Pakistan.

Initial recommendations and proposals suggested by the BPC were highly criticised in the local media and public. Much of the criticism came from East Pakistan where the committee proposals were said to be subversive of the ideology of Pakistan,

Question. 3. Explain disadvantages of functional organization. (10 marks)

Answer: Organizations may choose from a number of common operating structures. One popular structure is the functional organization, where the company is divided into separate units based on role, such as accounting, marketing, research and development or distribution. The functional structure offers a number of potential advantages as well as disadvantages.

Specialization: An advantage of a functional

Question. 4. Define management & explain its features. (10 marks)

Answer: According to Theo Heimann, management has three different meanings, viz.,

·       Management as a Noun : refers to a Group of Managers.

·       Management as a Process : refers to the Functions of Management i.e. Planning, Organising, Directing, Controlling, etc.

·       Management as a Discipline : refers to the Subject of Management.

Management is an individual or a group of

Question. 5. Give suggestions for making committee organization more effective. (10 marks)

Answer: Committee is a group of people or work learns which is formed to solve some specific problems or to attend some specific objectives. The committee should be established according to the rules and procedure of the org.

According to New Man, “A committee

Question. 6. Give the meaning of social need. (10 marks)

Answer:

Social needs are things such as acceptance, appreciation, belonging and companionship. Essentially, social needs are met by forging relationships with other people. Social needs are most often discussed in reference to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. This theory ranks the needs of all humans in order or importance.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs is a psychological theory that attempts to explain human behavior. According to this theory, human action is dependent on meeting a goal. Maslow's theory is typically displayed in a pyramid with five levels. Social needs are placed

Question. 7. Discuss the various functions of Management. (10 marks)

Answer: Effective management and leadership involve creative problem solving, motivating employees and making sure the organization accomplishes objectives and goals. There are five functions of management and leadership: planning, organizing, staffing, coordinating and controlling. These functions separate the management process from other business functions such as marketing, accounting and finance.

Question. 8. Mention the scientific principles of management and also specify the features of scientific management. (10 marks)

Answer: The Principles of Scientific Management (1911) is a monograph published by Frederick Winslow Taylor. This laid out Taylor's views on principles of scientific management, or industrial era organization and decision theory. Taylor was an American manufacturing manager, mechanical engineer, and then a management consultant in his later years.

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