MS - 07 Information Systems for Managers

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ASSIGNMENT

Course Code                                                                      :                               MS - 07
Course Title                                                                       :                               Information Systems for Managers
Assignment Code                                                            :                               MS-07/TMA/SEM - II/2015
Coverage                                                                             :                               All Blocks

Note : Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 31st October, 2015 to the coordinator of your study centre.

Q. 1. What is the purpose of a computer aided decision support system? What are the major components of such a system? How does it help the decision making process?

Answer:A Decision Support System (DSS) is a computer-based information system that supports business or organizational decision-making activities. DSSs serve the management, operations, and planning levels of an organization (usually mid and higher management) and help people make decisions about problems that may be rapidly changing and not easily specified in advance - i.e. Unstructured and Semi-Structured decision problems. Decision support systems can be either fully computerized, human-powered or a combination of both.

While academics have perceived DSS as a tool to support decision making process, DSS users see DSS as a tool to facilitate organizational processes.[1] Some authors have extended the definition of DSS to include any system that might support






Q. 2. What are the determinants of MIS design according to Zani? Explain the following statement, “there is a two way relationship between organization and Information Systems”.

Answer:The subject of management information system (MIS) has different meaning for different people. The concept of MIS has evolved over a period of last two decades or so. The initial management information systems were built to process transactional data of an organization and to produce regular reports. The reports were not targeted and individuals picked the required data from the report. The information systems evolved further and produced different reports according to requirements. Instead of user looking through




Q. 3. Distinguish between data, information and knowledge. Discuss the importance of information system for business decisions.

Answer:Knowledge:Firstly, let’s look at Knowledge. Knowledge is what we know. Think of this as the map of the World we build inside our brains. Like a physical map, it helps us know where things are – but it contains more than that. It also contains our beliefs and expectations. “If I do this, I will probably get that.” Crucially, the brain links all these things together into a giant network of ideas, memories, predictions, beliefs, etc.

It is from this “map” that we base our decisions, not the real world itself. Our brains constantly update this map from the signals coming through our eyes



Q. 4. In which phase of system life cycle the following are performed? Defining the problem, identifying its causes, specifying the solution, and indentifying the information requirements.

Answer:The system lifecycle in systems engineering is an examination of a system or proposed system that addresses all phases of its existence to include system conception, design and development, production and/or construction, distribution, operation, maintenance and support, retirement, phase-out and disposal. A systems development life cycle is composed of a number of clearly defined and distinct work phases which are used by systems engineers and systems developers to plan for, design, build, test, and




Q. 5. What do you understand by Artificial Intelligence? What are the factors that highlighted the need of developing AI? What are the goals of AI?

Answer:Artificial intelligence (AI) is the intelligence exhibited by machines or software. It is also the name of the academic field of study which studies how to create computers and computer software that are capable of intelligent behavior. Major AI researchers and textbooks define this field as "the study and design of intelligent agents", in which






Q. 6. Write short notes on the following:

a) Metadata

Answer:Metadata is "data about data". There are two types of metadata (or two types of "metadata types ") : structural metadata and descriptive metadata. Structural metadata is data about the containers of data. Descriptive metadata uses individual instances of application data or the data content.





b) Fuzzy Logic

Answer:Fuzzy logic is a form of many-valued logic in which the truth values of variables may be any real number between 0 and 1. By contrast, in Boolean logic, the truth values of variables may only be 0 or 1. Fuzzy logic has been extended to handle the concept of partial truth, where the truth value may range between completely true and completely false. Furthermore, when linguistic variables are used, these degrees may be managed by specific functions.

The term "fuzzy logic" was introduced with the 1965 proposal of fuzzy set theory by Lotfi A. Zadeh. Fuzzy logic has been applied to many fiel





c) Enterprise Information System

Answer:An enterprise information system (EIS) is any kind of information system which improves the functions of an enterprise business processes by integration. This means typically offering high quality of service, dealing with large volumes of data and capable of supporting some large and possibly complex organization or enterprise. An EIS must be able to be used by all parts and all levels of an enterprise.




d) Open Source Software

Answer:Open-source software (OSS) is computer software with its source code made available with a license in which the copyright holder provides the rights to study, change, and distribute the software to anyone and for any purpose. Open-source software may be developed in a collaborative public manner. Open-source software is the most prominent example of open-source development and often compared to (technically defined) user-generated content or (legally defined) open-content movements.


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