BNT202-UNDERSTANDING PC & TROUBLE SHOOTING

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Assignment

DRIVE	SUMMER, 2015
PROGRAM	BSCNT
SEMESTER	2
SEMESTER CODE & NAME	BNT202-UNDERSTANDING PC & TROUBLE SHOOTING
BK ID	B1416
CREDIT	4
MARKS	60

Note: Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.

1 Explain different architectures of the memory that are found in the system?

Answer: The term memory hierarchy is used in computer architecture when discussing performance issues in computer architectural design, algorithm predictions, and the lower level programming constructs such as involving locality of reference. A "memory hierarchy" in computer storage distinguishes each level in the "hierarchy" by response time. Since response time, complexity, and capacity are related, the levels may also be distinguished by the controlling technology.

The many trade-offs in designing for high performance

2 Describe the process of configuring the standard CMOS setup.

Answer: The function of CMOS RAM is to store information your computer needs when it boots up, such as Disk Drive details, Keyboard type and Video Interface information, details of the configuration of the PCI Bus slots and even a Password to restrict access to the CMOS. If the battery that powers your CMOS RAM dies, all this information is lost, and your PC will boot with the CMOS basic defaults. In most cases, this means you'll have no access to your Disk Drives until you supply the CMOS with the necessary information. The BIOS them provides basic input/output services to the operating system and applications. Except for devices that contain their own BIOS information, for example EGA and VGA Video Interface cards, some Network Interface

3 Discuss the working of Blu-Ray Disk with the help of a diagram.

Answer: A Blu-ray Disc is a high density optical disc storage medium, which is used for the storage of all high-definition digital formats like audio, video, and play-station games and so on. They have the same physical appearance as a DVD. The name “BLU-RAY” is actually a combination of the colour “blue” and “ray”. Here blue refers to the blue colour of the laser that is used for its reading and ray refers to the optical ray. While trade marking a product,

4 Explain the operation of the parallel port in detail.

Answer: A parallel port is an interface allowing a personal computer (PC) to transmit or receive data down multiple bundled cables to a peripheral device such as a printer. The most common parallel port is a printer port known as the Centronics port. A parallel port has multiple connectors and in theory allows data to be sent simultaneously down several cables at once. Later versions allow bi-directional communications. This technology is still used today for low-data-rate communications such as dot-matrix printing.

The standard for the bi-directional version of a

5 How does the key board function? How will you determine the Key board failure?

Answer: A keyboard's primary function is to act as an input device. Using a keyboard, a person can type a document, use keystroke shortcuts, access menus, play games and perform a variety of other tasks. Keyboards can have different keys depending on the manufacturer, the operating system they're designed for, and whether they are attached to a desktop computer or part of a laptop. But for the most part, these keys, also called keycaps, are the

6 Explain the precautionary measures to be taken to avoid basic problems in video cards.

Answer: PCs, servers, switches, routers, broadband modems, KVM switches, and other computer equipment are all subject to electrical damage. From improper site wiring to lightning strikes, a wide variety of electrical issues threaten systems and

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