BT0064-LOGIC DESIGN

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Assignment

PROGRAM	B.Sc IT
SEMESTER	FIRST
SUBJECT CODE & NAME	BT0064-LOGIC DESIGN
CREDIT	4
BK ID	B0948
MAX.MARKS	60

Note – Answer all questions. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.

Q.1 Add the following 4-bit binary numbers.

 i. (0110)₂ + (0101)₂ = (1011)₂

 ii. (0101)₂ + (0101)₂= (1010)₂

Add the following 8-bit binary numbers

iii. (01001110)₂ + (00111100)₂ = (10001010)₂

iv. (10011101)₂ + (10001111)₂= (100101100)₂

Answer:-  Binary Arithmetic:-The arithmetic operations - addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, performed on the binary numbers is called binary arithmetic . In computer systems, the basic arithmetic operations performed on the binary numbers is -

·         Binary Addition, and

·         Binary Subtraction,

In the following subsections, we discuss the binary

Q.2 Draw the symbol for XNOR & X-OR and explain the truth table?

Answer:- - XNOR:- The XNOR gate (sometimes spelled "exnor" or "enor" and rarely written NXOR) is a digital logic gate whose function is the inverse of the exclusive OR (XOR) gate. The two-input version implements logical equality, behaving according to the truth table to the right. A HIGH output (1) results if both of the inputs to the gate are the same. If one but not both inputs are HIGH (1), a LOW output (0) results.

Alternatives:-

Q.3 What are adders? Explain half adders and full adders with circuit diagrams.

Answer: Adders:-

 In electronics, an adder or summer is a digital circuit that performs addition of numbers. In many computers and other kinds of processors, adders are used not only in the arithmetic logic unit(s), but also in other parts of the processor, where they are used to calculate addresses, table indices, and similar operations.

Although adders can be constructed for many numerical representations, such as binary-coded decimal or excess-3, the most common adders operate on binary

Q.4 what is ring counter? Explain it working with the help of diagram.

Answer: - ring counter:- A ring counter is a type of counter composed of a type circular shift register. The output of the last shift register is fed to the input of the first register. The hamming distance of a Johnson counter is 1, the hamming distance of an Overbeck counter is 2.

There are two types of ring counters:

·         A straight ring counter or Overbeck counter connects the output of the last shift register to the first shift register input and circulates a single one (or zero) bit around the ring. For example, in a 4-register one-hot counter, with initial register values of 1000, the repeating pattern is: 1000, 0100, 0010, 0001, 1000... . Note that one of the

·          

Q.5 Explain the concept of resolution in digital and analog multi meters.

Answer: - concept of resolution in digital meters

1. Accuracy

Accuracy essentially represents the uncertainty of a given measurement because a reading from a digital multimeter (DMM) can differ from the actual input. Accuracy is often expressed as:

(% Reading) + Offset

or

(% Reading) + (% Range)

Q.6 What are shift registers? Explain serial in serial out shift register.

Answer: - shift registers:- In digital circuits, a shift register is a cascade of flip flops, sharing the same clock, in which the output of each flip-flop is connected to the "data" input of the next flip-flop in the chain, resulting in a circuit that shifts by one position the "bit array" stored in it, shifting in the data present at its input and shifting out the last bit in the array, at each transition of the clock input.

More generally, a shift register may be multidimensional, such that its "data in" and stage outputs are themselves bit arrays: this is implemented simply by running several shift registers of the same bit-length in parallel.

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