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JAIPUR NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, JAIPUR
School of Distance Education & Learning
Internal Assignment No. 1
M.A. (English)
Paper Code: MEG– 202
Paper Title: Literary Theory
Last
date of submission: Max. Marks: 30
Note:
Question No. 1 is of short answer type and is compulsory for all the students. It carries 1 Mark. (50-100 Words)
Q. 1. Answer
all the questions:
I. Critically
examine the theme of W.B. Yeats “Lapis Lazuli”.
Answer: Yeats delineates
two major themes in ‘Lapis Lazuli.’ First, he talks about the old civilizations
have been wiped out and how modern civilization also is likely to be
obliterated. The allusion to ‘aeroplanes and zeppelins,’ and
the destruction of cities is one contemporary theme. Next, he depicts how art
and philosophy
II. Why do
Gogo and Didi wait for Godot is Samuel Beckett’s play Waiting for Godot?
Answer: The subject of the play is not Godot; it is
waiting. The act of waiting is indeed an essential characteristic of the human
condition. We all wait in our life for something or other- for hope, for
relief, for redemption, for
III. What do
you mean by the term “absurd drama”? Describe with examples.
Answer: The term ' absurd drama' or what is called
' the theatre of the absurd'
sounds somewhat queer. After all, how drama, an imitation of life, can be
absurd, for life itself is nothing absurd.
Yet, this absurd drama is a hard
reality of the modern theatre, particularly after 1950s. Samuel Beckett's Waiting for Godot has
opened up the show and its successful progeny has established a secure position
for the theatre of the absurd.
IV. Discuss
the significance of the title of J.M. Synge’s ‘Riders to the Sea’.
Answer: The title, The Riders to the Sea is a constant reminder of the reality
of Maurya’s predicament that the members of her family have a sealed destiny
like that of the Pharaoh’s riders. They will ride to the sea with confidence
and hope but will never return alive. However, the main difference lies in the
fact that the
V. Do you
think that the play ‘Saint Joan’ by Bernard Show is a tragedy? Illustrate with
reason.
Answer: George Bernard Shaw in his Preface to Saint Joan
tells us that it is a high tragedy and not a mere melodrama or a police
VI. Discuss
the character sketch of Meg is Harold Pinter’s The Birthday Party.
Answer: Meg Boles is a
kind woman who helps run the boardinghouse. She is sixty years old and married
to Petey in a seemingly childless marriage. Absentminded and simplistic, Meg
often asks repetitive questions and
VII. Discuss
the character sketch of Tiresias in Eliot’s the Waste Land
Answer: In this part of the Fire
Sermon, Tiresias is the narrator. He was an ancient Greek
prophet who got punished by Hera for separated two snakes copulating. He was
turned into a woman for seven years. Can’t escape earthy
VIII. In what
sense has the speaker sailed the seas and arrived in Byzanthium in W.B. Yeat’s
‘Sailing to Byzanthium.
Answer: Being a romantic,
an occultist, a politician and a dramatist, he had worn many masks during his
lifetime but it was through poetry that he sought to escape the death and decay
of the natural world.
The metaphorical journey to Byzantium,
his dream city, consolidated this aspiration. The speaker's wish is to be 'out of nature' and to
IX. Discuss
the theme of the poet Yeats’ Bronze Head.
Answer: In the
bronze work, Yeats sees Maud Gonne as "human, superhuman,"
and"supernatural," as well. He puts down all that occurs to him, from
the very firstencounter, when "she walks like a goddess," not without
wildness, though, to theimage of Cathleen-like soul, to the image of her being
supernatural with a sternereye. All this
X. How do the
trees and the Ploughman build up the image of mortality in the poem ‘At Grass’
by
Ted Hughes?
Answer: the ploughman seeks his
own identity in the scheme of nature. from past history of mankind he learns
that he will
NOTE: Answer any four questions. Each question carries 5
Marks. (4*5=20 Marks) (500 Words).
Q.2 Define
‘Symbolism’ and describe the symbols used by Yeats in the poem “Sailing to Byzantium”.
Answer: Symbolism is a literary device that uses symbols, be they words, people,
marks, locations, or abstract ideas to represent something beyond the literal
meaning.
Symbols in “Sailing to Byzantium” by
W.B.Yeats are best understood in terms of the ways in which Yeats negotiated
with the anxieties of both personal and social implications of modernism.
Six of the most important
Q.3 Do you
think that Eliot was influenced by Bhagvad Geeta? Illustrate with examples from
Eliot’s The Waste Land.
Answer:
Q4. Discuss
W.B. Yeats as a modern poet.
Answer: William Butler Yeats was one of the modern poets, who influenced his
contemporaries as well as successors. By nature he was a dreamer, a thinker,
who fell under the spell of the folk-lore and the superstitions of the Irish
peasantry. He felt himself a stranger in the world of technology and
rationalism. He is a prominent poet in modern times for his sense of moral
wholeness of humanity and history.
Yeats was a realistic poet though his early
Q5. Discuss
the use of ‘animal imagery’ in ‘Ted Hughes’ poetry.
Answer: Ted Hughes uses animal
imagery in his poetry for following purposes:
·
Symbolism
·
Show violence
·
Portraying themes and
·
Metaphors
Q6. Discuss
the character-sketch of Saint Joan in Bernard Shaw’s Saint Joan.
Answer: Joan is the
original teenage rebel. This rebel, however, has a cause. She believes down to
the marrow of her bones that God has given her a mission. She must make Charles
the King of a united France. Unfortunately, her tenacious dedication in
pursuing her holy quest aggravates just about
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