BT0086, Mobile Computing

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ASSIGNMENT

PROGRAM	BSc IT
SEMESTER	FIFTH
SUBJECT CODE & NAME	BT0086, Mobile Computing
CREDITS	4
BK ID	B2067
MARKS	60

Note: Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.

Question. 1. How “wireless and mobile are two different concepts”. Explain any two applications that use wireless networks and mobile communications.

Answer:The term wireless communication was introduced in the 19th century and wireless communication technology has developed over the subsequent years. It is one of the most important mediums of transmission of information from one device to other devices. In this technology, the information can be transmitted

Question. 2. What is modulation? Briefly explain Amplitude Modulation (AM), Frequency Modulation (FM) & Phase modulation (PM).

Answer:The process of impressing low-frequency information to be transmitted on to a high-frequency wave, called the carrier wave, by changing the characteristics of either its amplitude, frequency, or phase angle is called modulation.

Functions of the Carrier Wave: The main function of the

Question. 3. Explain the GSM TDMA frame with the help of frame structure.

Answer:In GSM frequency band of 25 MHz is divided into 200 KHz of smaller bands, each carry one RF carrier, this gives 125 carriers.As one carrier is used as guard channel between GSM and other frequency bands 124 carriers are useful RF channels.This division of frequency pool is called FDMA. Now each RF carrier will have eight time slots. This division time wise is called TDMA. Here each RF carrier frequency is shared between 8 users hence in GSM system, the basic radio resource is a time slot with duration of about 577 microsec. As

Question. 4. Explain Hard handover and Soft handover in UMTS.

Answer:There are following categories of handover (also referred to as handoff):

Hard Handover: Hard handover means that all the old radio links in the UE are removed before the new radio links are established. Hard handover can be seamless or non-seamless. Seamless hard handover means that the handover is not perceptible to the user. In practice a handover that requires a change of the carrier frequency (inter-

Question. 5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of Infra-red technology?

Answer:Electromagnetic frequencies currently have little legal status for protection and as such, can be freely intercepted by motivated individuals. This doesn't mean wireless transmission is easily breached, as security varies by the type of wireless transmission method. As presented earlier in the advantages and disadvantages of infrared versus radio frequency transmission, what might be considered an advantage to one method for transmission

Question. 6. Write short notes on the following:

(a) HiCoMo: High Commit Mobile Transaction Model

Answer:The model allows the aggregate data to be updated in disconnection mode, while guaranteeing a very high rate of commitment on reconnection. We name such transactions High Commit Mobile Transactions, or HiCoMo. At reconnectiontime, HiCoMo's are analyzed and several base (fixed network) transactions are generated in

(b) Kangaroo mobile transaction model

Answer:The rapid growth in the use of wireless communication and mobile devices has created a potential for variety of mobile transaction support. The variety of mobile transaction models have already been developed for dealing with different challenging requirements in this environment. However, a transaction management in mobile computing environment faces several challenges such as scarce bandwidth, limited energy resources, asymmetry in wired and wireless connectivity, asymmetry in mobile and fixed hosts, and mobility

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